What was the first naval nuclear-powered surface ship?

The first naval nuclear-powered surface ship was the USS Long Beach (CGN-9), which was commissioned in 1961. This ship represented a significant advancement in naval technology, being the first guided missile cruiser to be powered by a nuclear reactor. The use of nuclear power allowed the USS Long Beach to operate for extended periods without the need to refuel, providing significant operational advantages over conventionally powered ships.

The USS Long Beach's design focused on advanced missile systems and weapons capabilities, demonstrating the United States Navy's commitment to modernizing its fleet during the Cold War era. This ship showcased the potential of nuclear propulsion to enhance naval capabilities, leading to the development of future vessels powered by nuclear energy.

The other options, while also notable ships, are either aircraft carriers or battleships, and therefore do not represent the milestone of being the first nuclear-powered surface ship. The USS George Washington and USS Nimitz are both aircraft carriers, with the former being the first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, commissioned after the Long Beach. The USS Missouri was a conventionally powered battleship and does not fit within the nuclear ship category.